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Education
SPECIAL SYMPOSIA
8th Symposium
“Educational Programs about the Acropolis”
Special Subject: The Parthenon Frieze and the Panathenaic Festival
Center for the Acropolis Studies, Saturday, 15 May, 2004

The 8th Symposium featured as its special subject the Parthenon Frieze and the Panathenaic Festival to complete a great program about the Panathenaia that was organized by our Service this year as a contribution to simultaneous events towards the Olympic Games in Athens. 100 schools took part in the program. They came from 18 prefectures of Greece (about 15.000 students of all ages). We cooperated with those schools throughout the school year offering seminars and educational material to them.

22 speakers presented 17 papers; they represented 14 schools, the Educational District of Evros, the Tellogleion Museum of Thessaloniki as well as the Ministry of Culture and Education of Cyprus. All of the schools were public, while 5 were of primary level and 11 of secondary level of education.
9 reports came from the provinces, from Gastouni, Evros, Thessaloniki, Karpenisi, Lamia, Larissa, Nafpaktos, Pyrgos and the island of Chios.

The series of speeches started with Mrs. M. Louverdi and a project of students from the 5th Middle School of Palaeo Faliro, who traveled to Italy and invited their schoolmates from an Italian and a Greek school in Rome to watch a theatrical performance. In it the students portrayed the gods of the eastern Frieze of the Parthenon and introduced themselves to the audience. Zeus’ distinguished role was to award the winners of the Games during the Great Pan-Athenian Feast of 434 BC with prizes:
“.....Ifiklis the rhapsodist from Smyrna
Diagoras the flute player from Keros
Myron the kithara player from Lesvos:
Silver and golden wreaths they will take away,
Money and glory.
80 selected vases
For the stadium-race
Praxiteles the Athenian will take home,
60 amphorae for the adolescent Eukles
And 50 for the youthful Ippomenes.
Plenty of awards also for the two lap race, the long-distance race and the horserace,
And all the other athletic contests.......”
At the same time, the students showed a display of paintings and collages that were inspired by ancient and contemporary games. Many of the exhibited pieces were done on computer with the program ‘photoshop’.

Mr. Str. Maistrellis from the Experimental Middle School of Ionideios School demonstrated the usefulness of the new technologies through two puzzles designed on computer, which gave the students the opportunity to comprehend the historical and archaeological material in a playful way. The objects depicted on the puzzles were two different views of a Panathenaic amphora and two friezeblocks with scenes from the Panathenaic procession, which formed starting-points in the students’ pursuit of the great Panathenaic festival. The connection of religious festivities with games, ceremonies and sacrifices in honor of the goddess lead the students to look for modern Greek parallels in contemporary festivals.

The special program “Evelikti Zoni” by the Ministry of Education offers great potential for teaching activities related to our cultural heritage and for the museums. The following report by the School Councelor for Public Education of the 3rd Educational District of the prefecture of Evros, Mrs. Ev. Serafeim showed in great detail how the museum kit “The Parthenon Frieze” came to good use in in-school training by students and teachers of the 1st Public School of Ferai. Exemplary teaching and methodology of museum kit use with many possible expansions in school practice were analyzed.

Reports ensued from three schools, that had worked with the museum kit within the frame work of the same special program. Two of them are Elementary schools and one is a Middle school.
At the 29th Elementary School of Athens the students together with their teacher, Mrs. P. Traka, studied the way of life, the ideals and the art of Ancient Greece as they are revealed from religious holidays, athletic games and buildings on the Acropolis. They studied foremost the Panathenaia, comparing it with the ancient and contemporary Olympic Games, imagined participating in the procession as well as the games, made olive wreaths from a variety of materials, painted and wrote their own stories on the subject.

At the 1st Elementary School of Karpenisi Mrs. V. Kelesi-Lappa and her students studied the topic of the Panathenaia, but dealt mainly with the theatrical contests that were part of this event by molding theatrical masks from the faces of the children. Under the theme, “The Parthenon Frieze - its abduction and its return”, they made a panel, and all together, they wrote a poem with the title “Greetings to a marble piece”.

The next discussion, by Mrs. Aik. Boutsikaki-Geka, presented a student project of the 2nd and 3rd grades of the fifth Middle School of Lamia. After researching the Sacred Rock, its monuments and its history, they visited the Acropolis, only to return to their city to see another Parthenon made from aluminum and with conventional mechanical tools by students of the 1st School Workshop Center of Lamia. After that, they studied the Frieze and the Panathenaic procession emphasizing the games, and painted Panathenaic amphoras in a contest, the winners of which would then go on to create a CD ROM about Panathenian amphoras. Finally, since they had been researching the damage on the monuments and their preservation and reconstruction, they included all they had learned in their own book about the Acropolis and its monuments.

The valuable experience of the Tellogleion Museum in Thessaloniki, where the exhibition about the New Acropolis Museum took place, was the subject of the following report by Mrs. A. Chrysopoulou. About 4 000 students of all ages from 70 schools of the prefecture of Thessaloniki familiarised themselves with the Parthenon and its sculptures from using the museum kit. They did not do this in school lessons, but this time inside a museum, within the frame of a particular exhibition. The students were separated into groups and, after an introduction, took part in various workshops that were especially designed for each age group and provided ample cause for the continuing discussion and activities relating to the subject.


From Thessaloniki the museum kit traveled to Cyprus. Eight Frieze museum kits were donated to the Ministry of Education of Cyprus. Mrs. Chr. Papadopoulou from the Department of Elementary Level Museum Education showed us the use of the museum kit and its further developments under Cypriot circumstances, with the spotlight on the worship of the goddess Aphrodite. Their enthusiasm fired by the Parthenon Frieze and the Panathenaic procession, the students went ahead to find parallel festivities in honor of the goddess and located them on their island, like the Aphrodisia and the Adonia. They elaborated on the topic orally, by acting and through art; they described the procession of the goddess, brought it back to life in a theatrical play, and after each student chose one figure from the procession they put its shape on paper and finally, by sticking all the figures on a piece of cloth, created their own procession. Another group of children studied riders and charioteers, and then built their own chariot, including its drivers, using mixed materials.

The ensuing talk was a joint effort from Mrs. M. Drogiti, Mrs. A. Alexopoulou and Mrs. M. Koutousi from the 2nd High School of Nafpaktos. Three cooperating schools had researched the Parthenon, the Frieze and the Panathenaic procession and on that basis connected and compared the festival with contemporary events. Then the three teachers introduced us to the exhibition of M. Korres, “From Mt Pentelikon to the Parthenon,” and several of the children’s construction projects that resulted from their partaking in a program at the chamber of the Municipality, which was visited by the entire town. In the frame of this exhibition another great display of the Parthenon sculptures was organized as well.

The next four reports showed how the Frieze was approacheded in a whole day-school, an Intercultural school, but also in particular classes like Mathematics and English.

Mr. V. Vazimas from the 145th whole -day Elementary School of Athens built, together with his students, a performance to “honor” the goddess Pallas Athena. Students of all classes performed a play that related to myths about Athena. The text was complemented by the re-enactment of the Panathenaic games and the procession including the handover of the “peplos”.

Mrs. K. Baxevani from the Intercultural Middle School of Acharnae chiefly concerned herself in familiarizing the children with other cultures, keeping in mind that 60 % of the students of the school are foreigners. She achieved this goal through role play, collecting information from various sources, compilation of a questionnaire about a Frieze they created and displayed to their entire neighborhood, as well as the construction of objects from mixed materials. The children put on a show for their fellow students and teachers at the Acropolis and also at their school for parents and teaching staff, while running an exhibition about the handmade and photographic material.

The ensuing speakers, A. Lekka, G. Gailas and Th. Alexiou from the Middle-High School at Volissos on the island of Chios combined History and the Ancient Greek Language with Mathematics by applying Pythagoras’ theorem to the construction of a board game about the Parthenon Frieze. This teaching adaptation was part of the final phase of activities involving workshops about public life in Athens in the 5th c. BC, workshops about the Frieze, the presentation of the Pythagorean Theorem and familiarizing students with the shapes, the volume and the geometric make-up of sections of the Frieze.

Mrs. A. Drakontaeidi from the 2nd Elementary School of Egaleo combined the program about the Panathenaia with another different class, English Language. For their distinct learning experience the students posed simple questions that any stranger might have asked about the Acropolis; they also wrote English texts and illustrated them with photos from books and self-made paintings, and thus acquired their knowledge about the Acropolis and its monuments in a very special way.

Museum kits can be considered a different kind of book; hence they should be placed in the library. For this reason effort was made to provide museum kits to those institutions that had libraries. Five reports demonstrated the way of exploiting the museum kits inside school libraries. At the 6th High School of Egaleo, Mrs. D. Karasavvoglou and her students studied at length the history of the Acropolis monuments and especially the Panathenaia, and thereafter, in teamwork, created an exhibition with 12 collages with pictures and short accompanying texts that the entire student body of the school had a chance to look at. Their activities culminated in the publication of a small sports news issue from classical times.

Mrs. E. Koubarouli from the 3rd High School of Pyrgos talked about the comparison between the Parthenon Frieze and the Frieze of the temple of Apollon Epikourios. Besides the collection of handouts and computer information, the students built a cardboard model of the Parthenon, a puzzle, a game of questions and answers as well as board games relating to the Parthenon that allowed them to locate similarities and differences on the friezes of the two temples, as far as their place, subject and style are concerned.

The reports from school libraries continued with Mrs. M. Bereti from the first Middle School of Lavrion. The students worked in groups inside the library. They gathered information and photographs about the Panathenaia, made plaster copies of the Frieze, acted scenes from the Panathenaic festival, made reproductions of ancient Greek costumes and photographically reconstructed scenes from the Parthenon Frieze. With all of this material they organized a huge exhibition in 6 sections that consisted of 25 panels that was visited by the entire town of Lavrion. The students also worked on the electronic representation of the program which basically meant recording the text about the Panathenaia read by the children, framing it with music, and synchronizing the sound product with a slide show on the computer with the assistance of a video projector. The panels, the electronic representation, the ancient costumes and the museum kit can be borrowed by any school of Lavrion that is interested.

In the prefecture of Larissa the museum kit traveled to 9 schools. Mrs. P. Mylona from the 7th High School of Larissa spoke next. At her school the kit was used in classes of Ancient History, with emphasis on the Games and finally in form of exhibition through verbal description. The students produced texts in form of an ancient newspaper which included the schedule of fantastic games where the children played the role of the judge, or texts making reference to those “omitted” from the games, for instance victories that were annulled. All these texts along with several pictures were shown in an exhibit on school grounds.

Mrs. M. Kondyli from the High School of Gastouni in Ileia dealt with the Panathenaia through more recent literature as well as myths and the local history. The children visited the Ancient Ilis, where the preparations for the Olympic Games took place, and studied temples and sanctuaries of Gods that the people of Ilis worshipped. The event of the lighting of the Olympian torch was given special attention and the students took part in a contemporary torchlight procession. Finally the children’s acquaintance with the protector of the potters and painters, the Goddess Athena Ergani, lead them to pursue the art of clay and to make a Panathenaic amphora - the prize for the winners.

The 17 reports above are merely some of the students’ projects during the program. By June all participating schools submitted the full description of their activities to our Service.

Created by V.Fotopoulos